Country Overview
Cote d’Ivoire’s economic growth has slowed but remained high at 6.86 percent in 2019, significantly above the West African Monetary Union (WAMU) average of 6.6 percent. However an economic slowdown in 2020 is likely, linked to the COVID-19 pandemic and the possibly of presidential elections that could weaken private sector arrangements. Growth could fall to 2.7 percent. Despite this, the government continues to implement its economic and financial programme, notably through reforms outlined in the National Development Plan 2016-2020, including a social and economic housing construction programmme.
However housing is becoming increasingly difficult to access in the economic capital. In 2015, housing-related spending accounted for about one-third of Abidjan household spending (compared to 14 percent nationally). Only a small proportion of Abidjan households are able to acquire housing. In Cote d’Ivoire, the housing supply is mainly made up of informal houses, built by the households themselves. Common yard housing and band houses are the most common forms of habitat in Abidjan. According to the World Bank, 56 percent of the urban population lives in slums.
To meet housing needs, the government has been involved for nearly a decade in the mass production of affordable homes (economic and social). To date, of the 150 000 economic and social housing units to be built by 2020, 15,000 have been delivered or are being delivered mainly on the outskirts of Abidjan.
Housing needs remain extremely high and are far from being met. The economic and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the presidential elections at the end of October 2020 make the business climate relatively uncertain. However, regulatory reforms initiated at the beginning of the year support the development of the housing sector, providing an improved framework for supply development and private investment.
Data Availability
While some of the data is made available by major international organisations and the National Institute of Statistics (created in 1996), the challenge of accessing recent housing finance data remains a major one in Cote d’Ivoire. The Central Bank provides a lot of short-term data on financial dynamics but little on the housing sector (especially mortgages). Knowledge of supply and demand remains approximate and explains, in part, the difficulties encountered in housing production.
At different levels, public authorities have tackled the problem: the government has set up an open data platform¹; with the support of the African Bank of Development, the MCLU has committed to producing a 2012-2017 Statistical Yearbook, with the support of the European Union and the geo-referencing of the recently produced housing supply. But these relevant initiatives require regular updating. The WAMU, with the support of the World Bank, is supporting two West African universities to establish a Centre of Excellence for Housing, which aims to set up data collection and provision of data for all stakeholders in the eight WAMU states.
Text on this page is based on the Cote d’Ivoire Country Profile, drawn from Centre for Affordable Housing Finance (2020). Housing Finance in Africa Yearbook: 11th Edition 2020², with additional content from CAHF and Reall.
% of urban bottom 40 households without access to basic sanitation services
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | 2012 | DHS | 96.5% |
Ghana | 2014 | DHS | 93.15% |
Kenya | 2014 | DHS | 88.25% |
Morocco | 2004 | DHS | 52.05% |
Mozambique | 2011 | DHS | 95.6% |
Nigeria | 2018 | DHS | 83.1% |
Tanzania | 2017 | DHS | 37% |
Uganda | 2016 | DHS | 94.5% |
Rwanda | 2016 | National Institute of Statistics Rwanda (NISR) | 13.13% |
Pakistan | 2018 | The DHS Program | 2.75% |
India | 2018 | NSSO 76th Round | 0.2% |
% of urban population living in slums, informal settlements, or inadequate dwellings
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | N/A | ||
Ghana | N/A | ||
Kenya | N/A | ||
Morocco | N/A | ||
Mozambique | N/A | ||
Nigeria | N/A | ||
Tanzania | N/A | ||
Uganda | N/A | ||
Rwanda | 2018 | World Bank | 42.1% |
Pakistan | N/A | ||
India | 2018 | NSSO 76th Round | 35% |
Price of the cheapest, newly built dwelling by a formal developer or contractor
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | 2018 | Site d'annonce et promotion dans l'immobilier en Côte d'Ivoire | 15,500,000 CFA$27,087.48 |
Ghana | 2019 | Damax Construction Co. Ltd | 108,704 GH₵$19,621.66 |
Kenya | 2019 | Tsavo Real Estate | 4,000,000 Ksh$37,037.04 |
Morocco | 2019 | Various real estate websites | 250,000 DH$27,027.03 |
Mozambique | 2016 | Casa Minha | 3,418,491 MZ$48,147.76 |
Nigeria | 2019 | Millard Fuller Foundation; Shelter Origins | 2,900,000 NGN$7,651.72 |
Tanzania | 2018 | CAHF | 37,966,107 TZS$16,508.58 |
Uganda | 2019 | Various property developers | 125,000,000 UGX$34,097.11 |
Rwanda | 2020 | Marchal Real Estate Developers | 10,000,000 R₣$11,119.14 |
Pakistan | 2021 | Partners | 2,500,000 PKR$14,305.33 |
India | 2022 | Real estate websites and industry experts | 160,000 IN₹$2,176.87 |
Ease of Doing Business Index Rank: Global
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | 2020 | World Bank | 110 |
Ghana | 2020 | World Bank | 118 |
Kenya | 2019 | World Bank Ease of Doing Business | 61 |
Morocco | 2020 | World Bank | 53 |
Mozambique | 2019 | World Bank | 74 |
Nigeria | 2020 | World Bank | 131 |
Tanzania | 2020 | World Bank | 141 |
Uganda | 2020 | World Bank | 116 |
Rwanda | 2020 | World Bank Ease of Doing Business Indicators | 38 out of 190 |
Pakistan | 2020 | World Bank Doing Business Indicator | 108 out of 190 |
India | 2020 | World Bank | 63 out of 190 |
GDP Per Capita
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | 2018 | World Bank | 1,024,171 CFA$1,789.82 |
Ghana | 2019 | World Bank | 11,489 GH₵$2,073.83 |
Kenya | 2018 | World Bank | 173,272 Ksh$1,604.37 |
Morocco | 2018 | World Bank | 30,725 DH$3,321.62 |
Mozambique | 2018 | World Bank | 30,772 MZ$433.41 |
Nigeria | 2018 | World Bank | 659,159 NGN$1,739.21 |
Tanzania | 2018 | National Bureau of Statistics; World Bank | 2,297,020 TZS$998.80 |
Uganda | 2018 | World Bank | 2,357,327 UGX$643.02 |
Rwanda | 2019 | World Bank | 737,578.59 R₣$820.12 |
Pakistan | 2020 | World Bank National Accounts Data | 188,900 PKR$1,080.91 |
India | 2020 | Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation | 151,760 IN₹$2,064.76 |
Population Size
Country | Year | Data Source | Value |
---|---|---|---|
Cote d'Ivoire | 2017 | World Bank | 24,437,469 |
Ghana | 2019 | World Bank | 30,417,856 |
Kenya | 2017 | World Bank | 50,221,473 |
Morocco | 2017 | World Bank | 36,471,769 |
Mozambique | 2018 | World Bank | 29,495,962 |
Nigeria | 2017 | World Bank | 190,873,311 |
Tanzania | 2019 | World Bank | 58,005,463 |
Uganda | 2017 | World Bank | 41,487,000 |
Rwanda | 2019 | World Bank | 12,626,950 |
Pakistan | 2020 | World Bank National Accounts Data | 220,892,331 |
India | 2021 | Minsitry of Health and Family Welfare | 1,361,343,000 |
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The Market Shaping Indicators project is a work in progress. Significant gaps exist in data, which will be filled in future revisions. We would recommend checking back regularly for updates. We are keen to receive any feedback that you have on this Dashboard, which can be sent to [email protected].
Using the Dashboard
The indicators are split into 6 key areas, split into the Housing Value Chain: Land & Infrastructure, Construction & Investment, Sales & Rental, Maintenance & Management, Enabling Environment, Economic Environment and Demand, shown in the following tabs. Navigation can either be undertaken by using the tabs, or through the Search box immediately above. Above this, currency indicators can be toggled between USD and local currency.
Users are able to further interrogate each indicator each indicator through clicking on the arrows to the left of each indicator. This expanded section shows the data elements that are used to produce the overall indicator value, dates of data collection, source details, hyperlinks to the original data where possible, and a breakdown of data quality. The majority of indicators are quality assessed, based on the whether they are: Interpretable; Relevant; Sufficiently Accurate; Representative; Timely; and Accessible. Indicators are scored on each of these criteria using a 1-4 star system, detailed below:
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Finally, all data can be downloaded for further interrogation. By clicking on Switch to Data View at the top of the screen, users can filter data based on countries and columns, and download in a .csv or .xls file.
Bottom 40
Reall targets the Bottom 40% of the urban income pyramid, referred to as the ‘Bottom 40’ or ‘B40’. An objective of the MSI work was to better understand and demonstrate the market from the perspective of households in the Bottom 40, and as such data is aggregated for this group where possible. Data for this group can be particularly challenging to come across. In part, this is due to the difficulties in accurately defining this group using existing data sets. Additionally though, the informality of much of life for lower income groups severely limits data availability, particularly in terms of key data on jobs, housing and relationships with local government. This lack of data is a key blockage for further engagement at the lower end of the housing market, and resolving this is an objective of Reall’s and of the MSI work.
Aggregations
Data is shown at various different “aggregations”, which demonstrate the size and location of the population for which the data represents. This varies from national to city level in terms of population groupings. Additional aggregations exist for the Bottom 40, as detailed above, enabling a focused view on the lower end of the market.
For relevant data, Reall’s partners are also included as an aggregation. This is not meant to be representative of the entire market, but recognises that as practitioners and experts within the lower end of the housing market of each country, their experiences are a useful check on other data sets, and an indication of the value when other data is not available.
Terms of Use
Reall Ltd (“Reallâ€) endeavours to make its data as freely available as possible in order to demonstrate the successes of its model and encourage other actors into the affordable homes movement. Reall provides the user with access to these data free of charge subject to the terms of this agreement.
Users are encouraged to use the data to benefit themselves and others in creative ways.
Unless specifically labelled otherwise, you are free to copy, distribute, adapt, display or include the data in other products for commercial or non-commercial purposes for no cost under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, with the additional terms below.  The basic terms may be accessed here. By using or downloading the data, users are agreeing to comply with the terms of a CC BY 4.0 licence, and also agreeing to the following mandatory and binding additions:
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– Some datasets and indicators may be provided by third parties, and may not be redistributed or reused without the consent of the original data provider, or may be subject to additional terms and conditions. Where applicable, third party data is labelled as such, and usage conditions can be found on their respective websites.
A new Building and Housing Code was introduced in 2020, repealing the previous provisions, including the area of residential leases, building permits, building sales, and real estate development but also the profession of real estate agent, property administrator and agent for sale or lease of commercial funds¹.
Cote d’Ivoire has gradually adopted comprehensive regulation on housing and urban planning. The land acquisition procedure remains cumbersome despite the introduction of the one stop-shop for building permits in March 2019 because it requires the mobilisation of many ministries and services. This reform was accompanied by a reduction in registration fees and miscellaneous costs and the introduction of an electronic land registry to streamline land acquisition.
Of the 23 indicators in this group, 5 are currently populated.